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Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Criteria – An Investor’s Explainer

Socially responsible investing has been progressively gaining momentum for more than a decade. Increasingly, investors want to understand a more comprehensive profile of the stocks in which they invest. In light of fiascos like the BP Oil spill and Volkswagen’s false fuel efficiency claims, these issues have gained attention. But it’s more than whether or not a company exhibits environmentally friendly policies and donates to the community. Today’s investors want a more comprehensive perspective that examines environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria. As a result, ESG investing has attracted not only the attention of investment firms but regulators as well.

In recent weeks, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) proposed new rules pertaining to ESG criteria. Though these have yet to be finalized, this suggests that investment firms will need to provide greater disclosures. And as a trickle-down effect, this will also push corporations to get more serious about their efforts in these areas. While much progress still needs to be made in these areas, ESG investing is clearly a hot topic. So, what better time than now to offer an overview of ESG criteria as they currently stand.

“Investors are really looking for the ESG funds, and they’re not naive on these matters. They truly want to see how a company addresses all three of the pillars of ESG before they’re willing to put their money into a business.” – Katelyn Adams, Corporate Advisory Partner with HLB Mann Judd

An Overview of ESG Criteria

As noted, ESG stands for environmental, social and governance aspects of a corporation. To some extent, these may seem self-explanatory. But in practice, they can be quite varied and, at times, confusing. In terms of environmental ESG criteria, this examines various policies and practices of firms as it affects the climate and the Earth. Criteria may thus include energy use, waste management, pollution, natural resource conservation, and EPA regulatory compliance. Notably, firms with more favorable environmental profiles will attract more ESG investing dollars. But as is true for all ESG criteria, few profiles use the same metrics when reporting corporate behaviors.

The ”S” and “G” components of ESG criteria are even more varied and sometime vague when compared to the “E” component. Social criteria tend to refer to how firms manage various relationships. This not only pertains to their customers and employees. But it also considers supplier requirements and relations and how corporations interact with their communities. In terms of governance, several other factors may be considered in ESG investing profiles. Leadership diversity, conflicts of interest, legal issues, and political ethics might be included in addition to accounting transparencies. Some or all of these contribute to the resultant ESG score that an investing firm awards companies.

(Read more about the importance of diversity for business success in this Bold story!)

“These [SEC] requirements are a welcome first step in policing exaggerated marketing claims about ESG and in providing consistent, comparable disclosures that diligent investors can actually rely on.” – Shivaram Rajgopal, Professor at Columbia Business School

Recent Developments in ESG Investing

Given the lack of consistency among investment firms regarding specific ESG criteria, the SEC recently proposed major changes. Proposed amendments to rules and reporting would require investment companies to provide more complete disclosure regarding their specific ESG metrics. This level of transparency is needed to help with ESG investing. At the same time, these same firms must reveal the level of engagement they have with firms in examining ESG issues. While these proposals have yet to be finalized, most analysts anticipate they will soon be requirements. Likewise, most support this as a step in the right direction.

A hand holding some digital projections
ESG criteria make investing considerations more complex, but many feel it’s all worth it.

Some of the issues currently with ESG criteria relate to not only variations among firms but among industries. For example, the S&P 500’s ESG ratings recently dropped Tesla’s ESG score but maintained ExxonMobil’s at a higher level. Considering the environmental impacts of fossil fuels compared to electricity, this seems inaccurate. But Tesla operates in a different sector than ExxonMobil, and therefore, is subject to different ESG investing metrics. Likewise, environmental criteria in ESG scores do not consider specific impacts of products but only those of operations. This also favors ExxonMobil in what seems to be an unjust manner. These are some of the issues the SEC hopes to improve upon with their proposed changes.

“Investors concerned about ESG often value different objectives – one investor may really care about human rights in South America while another is focused on climate change. When ESG ratings try to force all of those objectives into a single number, they obscure the fact that there are trade-offs.” – Tom Lyon, Business Economics Professor, University of Michigan

Examining the Pros and Cons

For investors, there are both pros and cons with it comes to ESG investing. Naturally, the benefits involves being socially responsible with the stocks one chooses. This is why ESG investing has also been called responsible investing and impact investing. At the same time, ESG criteria help investors avoid companies that might be engaged on risky activities. Those with policies and operations that harm the environment, result in discriminations, or create social inequities can be ignored. This is why the use of ESG criteria for investing will reach $50 trillion in assets by the year 2025. By comparison, this figure was only about $20 trillion in 2016.

Regarding disadvantages of ESG investing, some suggest that this approach may cause investors to miss out on good opportunities. Specifically, some energy stocks and those related to military defense may have lower ESG criteria. But they tend to have high-performing stocks despite these features. While this may be true, increasing popularity of ESG criteria use will likely drive all companies to pay greater attention. This is particularly true in social and governance aspects if the SEC proposals move forward. For now, however, it pays to perform some due diligence when examining ESG ratings. The wise investor will define exactly which ESG criteria are important and invest accordingly. And in all likelihood, the ability to perform this due diligence is likely to be much easier in the near future.

 

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For Businesses, Diversity Mandates Are the Wrong Approach to Diversity

Over the course of the last year or so, several states took initiatives to promote gender diversity among businesses. Specifically, states like California, Massachusetts, Washington, and New Jersey passed state laws that included diversity mandates. Some required specific percentages of women on corporate boards in order to encourage inclusive leadership. Others did the same regarding race, ethnicity and sexual orientation. However, none of these have resulted in significant advances when it comes to promoting authentic diversity and inclusion. And now that such laws have been deemed unconstitutional in California, their merit is even more suspect.

When it comes to diversity and inclusion, there’s little doubt these should be over-encompassing goals for businesses. The advantages of diversity and inclusion in performance outcomes has been proven time and time again. (Read more about the importance of diversity in business in this Bold story.) But diversity mandates aren’t the way to go when trying to create inclusive leadership and diverse environments. In fact, even diversity training programs are often too limited in their effect. If businesses really want to reap the benefits of diversity and inclusion, a cultural shift is required. And without question, this can only be realized when effective leadership commits itself to positive changes throughout the organization.

“We take a holistic view of diversity that looks beyond usual measurements. A view that includes the varied perspectives of our employees as well as app developers, suppliers, and anyone who aspires to a future in tech. Because we know new ideas come from diverse ways of seeing things.” – Apple Inc., Diversity and Inclusion Statement

Defining Real Diversity and Inclusivity for Businesses

There many reasons businesses should be pursuing diversity and inclusion within their organizations well beyond their commitment to social responsibility. But first, companies must appreciate that diversity does not guarantee inclusion by any means. They must also realize both augment the effects of the other when used in combination. In terms of diversity, demographics is only a starting point, which is often what diversity mandates attempt to achieve. But unless this is expanded into diversity thinking, the benefits are lost. At the same time, companies may have tremendous diversity both demographically and in ideas. But without inclusive leadership, here again the advantages cannot be well realized.

When businesses are looking to get ahead, they should be seeking cognitive diversity rather specific quotas of employee types. Cognitive diversity allows a broad exploration of the evidence from different perspectives. From this, diverse options, risks, processes, and outcomes can be considered. At the same time, inclusion means much more than simply asking employees to participate. Inclusivity requires a company culture that promote fairness and respect as well as a sense of value and belonging. It also demands safe and open environments where people are empowered and encouraged to grow. Diversity mandates fall short of these definitions as do programs that lack inclusive leadership.

“Companies that embrace diversity and inclusion in all aspects of their business statistically outperform their peers.” – Josh Bersin, President and Founder, Bersin & Associates

Impacts of Diversity and Inclusivity

There are notably good intentions behind diversity mandates and diversity training programs. In order to achieve cognitive diversity, it’s naturally important to have a degree of demographic diversity as well. At the same time, both diversity and inclusion enhance business performance. When cognitive diversity exists, creativity and innovation increase by 20% on average. Likewise, the ability to identify and address specific risks also increases around 30%. This is why over two-thirds of leading corporations acknowledge diversity as important to success. But none of these advantages are guaranteed by demographic diversity alone.

A boss giving her employees the what for
Capitalism, and how successes and failures mold businesses, should be the underlying force for promoting diversity in a company–not diversity mandates handed down by the government!

Inclusivity also offers tremendous advantages for businesses. When corporate cultures promote inclusive and active participation, metrics routinely show notable improvements. Inclusive companies are twice as likely to exceed financial targets and three times like to be high-performing companies. Levels of innovation increase 6-fold among inclusive businesses resulting in an 8-fold increase in business outcomes. In many instances, companies implement diversity and inclusion training programs to help achieve these metrics. But without the right corporate culture and inclusion leadership, these efforts usually fail to achieve their mission.

“Good leadership requires you to surround yourself with people of diverse perspectives who can disagree with you without fear of retaliation.” – Doris Kearns Goodwin, Presidential historian and Pulitzer Prize-winning, New York Times #1 best-selling author

Inclusive Leadership is the Secret Sauce

The most important feature among organizations enjoying real diversity and inclusion isn’t the presence of diversity mandates. It’s also not necessarily whether or not they’ve employed diversity training programs. Educating employees, managers and leaders about diversity and inclusion are certainly important. But the real magic occurs when these organizations have inclusion leadership. When such leadership exists, feelings of inclusion among employees increase by 70% on average. Team performance also increases 17% while decision-making quality receives 120% boost. Ultimately, it’s the presence of inclusion leadership that determines whether a true diversity and inclusion culture exists.

When it comes to inclusion leadership, several qualities can be appreciated. Rather than seeking equity alone among organizational members, these leaders take a more systems approach. Rather than meeting demographic quotas, they strive to remove structure barriers preventing cognitive diversity. They also use data to analyze whether or not inclusivity is being realized. And they invite transparency, open communication, and positive reinforcements to make others feel that they are valued and belong. In essence, inclusion leaders are committed to creating a culture that optimizes the diversity present. This is the strategy that businesses should be adopting in their pursuit of authentic diversity and inclusion.

Moving From Compliance to Integration

Laws like Equal Employment Opportunity statues and diversity mandates only seek to encourage compliance among organizations. Similarly, diversity training programs educate individuals about the importance of diversity and inclusion. But neither of these alone achieve what businesses need to excel in today’s marketplace. Demographic diversity will never guarantee cognitive diversity. And inclusion will never be maximized without effective leadership and a positive organizational culture. This is why diversity mandates and training alone should never be the end-all for any business. Instead, companies must move beyond compliance to an integrated system that promotes diversity and inclusion throughout the organization. These are the strategies along with inclusion leadership that should be the priority for business today.

 

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Information Efficiency – Smart Businesses Leveraging Short Form Video Toward Success

As the saying goes, knowledge is power. For businesses and their staff, this is certainly true. Over the past century, the knowledge doubling curve has been rapidly accelerating. What used to require decades now takes hours. And with the increase in artificial intelligence and machine learning, total knowledge doubles more than twice each day. While no firm can keep pace with such a pace, it remains important that they still invest in learning and information efficiency. And while many approaches have been tried, smart businesses are finding short form video is definitely the way to go.

Short form video is everywhere in today’s world. The rapid popularity of TikTok opened the marketing world’s eyes to the fact that people crave video content. In fact, roughly two-third of people describe themselves as visual learners. Research has even shown that comprehension occurs 60,000 times faster when using video instead of text. Plus, people are twice as likely to share video content. That means that short form video training is a gift that keeps on giving. This explains why it’s essential for businesses in today’s world rely on video snippets in achieving information efficiency.

“Reels now makes up more than 20% of the time that people spend on Instagram. Video, overall, makes up 50% of the time that users spend on Facebook.” – Meta statement during recent Earnings Report

Evidence on Short Form Video

Over the last few years, social media companies have increasingly tried to emulate TikTok. The viewership and attraction of the site attributes its success to brief video segments perfect for rapid consumption. In fact, #LearnOnTikTok has over 7 billion views and over a million videos that are educational in nature. Likewise, many professional educators are the very ones who created these videos. As the pandemic forced online learning, educators had to adjust in order to maintain information efficiency. As a result, many became adept in developing microlessons of video content that were easily digestible. Clearly, their learners and audiences responded favorable.

There’s good evidence to support information efficiency with short form video content. In one study of nearly 8,000 learners, videos were compared to lectures and assigned readings. When used as replacement learning tool, videos helped learners move from a B average to a B+. And when videos were used adjunctively, students attained a full letter grade higher. In this setting, not all videos where short form video, but the effect was still profound. There is now evidence that videos a few minutes in duration or less may be even more effective and efficient. Plus, for businesses, they can be extremely cost-effective overall.

“Real teaching involves sight and sound, but also the context of how something is delivered in the vernacular of how a student actually learns.” – Nhon Ma, CEO and Cofounder of Numerade

Outsourcing Information Efficiency

Anyone who has swiped in Facebook/Meta/Reels, TikTok, or Instagram appreciates the appeal of short form video. They are engaging, brief, easy to understand, and relatable. At the same time, each of these social media companies leverage users’ viewing histories in selecting which video content appears. This increases the likelihood of engagement and makes information efficiency that much better. Understanding this, there are some notable companies now pursuing short form video training for companies as well. This has increased the number of opportunities for outsourcing in this area as a result. By leveraging many of the same techniques, they are achieving tremendous results for these clients.

(Outsourcing is a key ingredient in a competitive workforce–read more in this Bold story!)

One such company is Numerade, an edtech startup launched in 2018. The company was recently valued at $100 million after its latest funding round. In essence, Numerade sells short for video subscriptions that explain complicated subjects like mathematics and science. They offer bootcamp videos, step-by-step instructions, and quizzes in an asynchronous, highly contextualized fashion.

Best Practices in Short Form Video

In the recent past, long form video was utilized for company training and employee learning. In fact, this approach still is ideal for some content areas. Longer videos remain the bets approach for employee onboarding, health and safety instruction, machinery operations, and regulatory compliance courses. But prerecorded short form video is also excellent in realizing learning and information efficiency in other subject areas. This approach enables staff to access brief video nuggets asynchronously whenever they want, offering great flexibility. Likewise, this same type of format makes it easy to share with others. Both features are linked to enhanced information retention.

A video editing setup
Information efficiency means delivering the goods in the shortest amount of time. So, yeah, it looks like the TikTok-ers have it nailed down.

Certainly, not all short form video content is the same in quality or content. Content should be contextualized to ensure viewers are highly engaged. Relatable content has been shown to significantly improve knowledge acquisition. At the same time, video content must be authentic as this too boosts viewer engagement. And of course, short form video should be brief and easy to consume in a few minutes. By definition, short form video is less than 10 minutes in length with those on social media usually less than three minutes. By following these guidelines, greater information efficiency can be achieved. And ultimately, this leads to a higher chance of business success.

Making the Most of Your Investment

In the marketing world, short form video offers the highest return on investment today. The same looks to be likely for business training and education as well. Investments not only include the money spent on short form video but the time involved in creation and user time as well. The brevity and information efficiency of short form video definitely cuts down on user learning time. But costs and time in development can be significant. As a result, outsourcing these services to professionals makes a great deal of sense for many companies. But in any case, pursuing this type of strategy for training and development will be essential. Those businesses that appreciate the advantages of short form video will be the same ones poised for excellence.

 

Bold Business offers customized short form video microlearning as part of its global outsourcing services. Tailored precisely to businesses’ needs, we enhance information efficiency and learning based on proven video creation strategies. Click to learn more!

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